A buckling is a form of hot-smoked herring similar to the kipper and the bloater. The head and guts are removed[1] but the roe or milt remain.[2] They may be eaten hot or cold.
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The word may come from the German Bückling or the Swedish böckling both words denoting a hot smoked variety of the kipper.
Buckling is hot-smoked whole, as opposed to the kipper, which is split and gutted, and then cold smoked.